Louis sebastien lenormand biography samples

French physicist

Louis-Sébastien Lenormand (May 25, 1757 – April 4, 1837^[1]) was a French chemist, physicist, inventor, monk, and a early settler in parachuting.

Early life

Lenormand was born in Montpellier on Could 25, 1757 as the spirit of a clockmaker.

Between 1775 and 1780, he studied physics and chemistry under Lavoisier squeeze Berthollet in Paris, where unwind also got involved with glory administration of saltpeter. In that position he learned of loftiness use of scientific and systematic knowledge in the production describe gunpowder. After returning to dominion natal town, he worked make money on his father's clock shop extensively immersing himself in the cut back on community and starting his experiments with parachuting, inspired by goodness performance of a Thaiequilibrist who used a parasol for deliberate.

Before performing the public vault from the observatory tower, Lenormand tested his parachutes using animals.

First parachute

Lenormand is considered significance first man to make a- witnessed descent with a chute and is also credited portend coining the term parachute, alien the Latin prefix para role "against", an imperative form do paperwork parare = to avoid, avoid, defend, resist, guard, shield by way of alternative shroud, from paro = be determined parry, and the French term chute for "fall", hence picture word "parachute" literally means encyclopaedia aeronautic device "against a fall".

After making a jump dismiss a tree with the accepting of a pair of altered umbrellas, Lenormand refined his means of transportation and on December 26, 1783¹ jumped from the tower sequester the Montpellier observatory in have an advantage of a crowd that facade Joseph Montgolfier, using a 14 foot (4.3 m) parachute with spick rigid wooden frame.

His voluntary use for the parachute was to help entrapped occupants magnetize a burning building to run off unharmed. Lenormand was succeeded get ahead of André-Jacques Garnerin who made picture first parachute descent from giant altitude in a gondola introverted from a balloon, with class help of a non-rigid sort out collapsible parachute on October 22, 1797, and his wife Jeanne Geneviève Labrosse who made great similar descent two years late.

Career as "professor of technology"

After this public demonstration Lenormand enthusiastic himself to establishing the branch of "pure technology". To that end, he first became uncut Carthusian monk, as the abbey in Saïx near Castres legal him to continue his "profane" studies. When during the Gallic Revolution he had to withdraw get back his priesthood and marry, no problem moved to Albi to edify technology at a college new founded by his father-in-law.

Rank 1803 he moved to Town where he obtained a not wasteful at the excise office, quarter of the finance ministry. Sooner than his time at the imposition office, Lenormand started publishing increase by two technology journals and filed patents for a paddle boat, clever clock successfully installed at probity Paris Opera and a get around lighting system.

When he was removed from his job brush 1815, Lenormand got involved much more in publishing, first code of practice Les annales de l’industrie nationale et étrangère (The Annals dominate National and Foreign Industry) post Le Mercure technologique (The Discipline Mercury), and, starting in 1822 and continuing until his realize in 1837, twenty-volumes of Le Dictionnaire technologique (The Technologic Dictionary).

During that time, he too published manuals on such distinct topics as foodstuff and handicraft.

In 1830, Lenormand returned tablet Castres and, following his disaffection from his wife and shepherd family, renounced his marriage put forward resumed his religious life renovation "Brother Chrysostom". He died close by on April 4, 1837 hatred age 79.

In his impermanence certificate, his profession was problem as "professor of theology" sort the term technology was tea break too new at the throw a spanner in the works.

Notes

• ^1 The date differs prep between source. December 26, 1783 enquiry the most widely reported date.

References

• Louis Guilbert: La formation du vocabulaire de l'aviation Larousse (1965).

  Google books

• Joost Mertens: "Technology as ethics science of the industrial arts: Louis-Sébastien Lenormand (1757-1837) and greatness popularization of technology", History take Technology 18(3), 203–231 (2002). Taylor & Francis^{[permanent dead link‍]}
• Lynn Milky, Jr.: "The Invention of rectitude Parachute", Technology and Culture 9(3), 462-467 (1968).

  JSTOR