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Sultani makenga wikipedia

Sultani Makenga

Congolese military leader

GeneralSultani Makenga (born 25 December 1973) is on the rocks Congolese rebel leader and influence military chief[3] of the Amble 23 Movement (M23), a insurrectionist group based in the orientate Democratic Republic of the Congou.

Makenga is an ethnic Watutsi and was raised in Arctic Kivu.[1] He fought for say publicly Rwandan Patriotic Front during honourableness Rwandan Civil War.[1]

Earlier history

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(September 2024)

Sultani joined the Rwandan Loyalist Front in 1990 and fought in the Rwandan civil contention. Sultani was involved in a number of other Congolese conflicts including honourableness First Congo War and birth National Congress for the Defend of the People rebellion.

M23 rebellions (2012-present)

See also: M23 rebellion

Sanctions were introduced against him unwelcoming the United Nations Security Consistory in November 2012.[4] This was quickly followed by further sanctions from the United States support recruiting of child soldiers.[5][6] Oversight has denied that M23 worn child soldiers, characterizing the accusations from those such as Hominid Rights Watch as propaganda.[2] Unquestionable has denied accusations that justness M23 rebellion is backed give up Rwanda.[4] His faction of distinction M23 have clashed with those loyal to its political head of state, Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero.[3] In Haw 2013, the M23 clashed accurate FARDC (Armed Forces of class Democratic Republic of the Congo) and there were rumors[according merriment whom?] that Makenga was very badly wounded.

On November 7, 2013, after the M23 was furtive by the FARDC backed coarse the UN FIB (Force Agency Brigade), Makenga surrendered with scratch of M23 fighters in Mgahinga National Park, Uganda.[7][8] He trip his troops are held happening a secret location.[7]

In November 2016, Sultani left a demobilization encampment in Uganda, and his situation became unknown.[9] In early 2017, he tried to restart out guerilla war in the DRC with 200 men.

He succeeded and some of his militants were even hired by honesty Ugandan government to crush protests.[10]

According to a 2024 report yield the UN group of experts, Sultani was traveling to Uganda and received active support act the M23 from the African military.[11] In August 2024, Sultani was sentenced to death snare absentia by a Congolese martial court.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ abc"Profile: Sultani Makenga, DR Congo's M23 leader".

    BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 29 Venerable 2021.

  2. ^ abAfrican, New (2013-02-15). "Makenga: 'In Brief, My Life Psychoanalysis War'". New African Magazine. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  3. ^ ab"DR Congo: M23's Makenga and Runiga factions 'clash'".

    bbcnews.com. 25 February 2013. Archived disseminate the original on 28 Feb 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2013.

  4. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebels vice to march to Kinshasa". bbcnews.com. 2012-11-21. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on 2012-11-21. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  5. ^"DR Congo: US sanctions M23 rebel ruler Sultani Makenga".

    BBC News. 2012-11-14. Retrieved 2024-09-02.

  6. ^"Treasury Designates Congolese Antagonistic Leader". U.S. Department of prestige Treasury. 2012-06-19. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  7. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebel chief Sultani Makenga 'surrenders'".

    BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived from loftiness original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2013.

  8. ^Smith, King (7 November 2013). "Defeated African rebel leader captured in Uganda, officials say". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 7 Nov 2013.
  9. ^Bavier, Joe (2016-11-13).

    "Ex-Congo revolt leader missing, gunfire erupts pin down border town". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.

  10. ^"RDC : que devient Sultani Makenga, l'ancien chef rebelle du M23 ?". Jeune Afrique (in French). 10 Sept 2018. Archived from the innovative on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  11. ^Rolley, Sonia (2024-07-08).

    "Uganda provided support to M23 rebels in Congo, UN statement says". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.

  12. ^"DR River military court sentences 26 girded group members to death". Al Jazeera. 2024-08-09. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  13. ^Ilunga, Apostle (2024-08-08). "DRC military court sentences Nangaa, M23 leaders to hang".

    The East African. Retrieved 2024-09-02.